China has reached a new scientific height in 2022, rising to 11th place on the Global Innovation Index and leading the world in the number of most cited articles - according to SCMP.
Chinese scientists have made leap steps, from the universe to the deep ocean, to quantum and supercomputer.
Explore the deep ocean and the universe
In November, researchers from China and New Zealand made a spectacular trip to the Kermadec trough - one of the deepest places on Earth - on a Chinese-made diving ship.
The team saw strange and rare marine creatures, including a red-colored damaged anglerfish swimming back and forth.
China, after Russia and the US, became the third country to send spacemen into space and build a space station.
The final mission - Than Chau 15 - was sent to complete the final phase of the Thien Cung space station construction process and launch the first phase of the application and development.
China has previously successfully launched the Van Thien and Mong Thien laboratory modules into orbit. These are the final two parts of China's first three modules space station - the Tianjin space station.
However, China's space missions this year have some problems. In May, China's satellite launch facility prepared to launch the Thanh Chau 14 exploration vehicle, which detected a jammer device that could intervene in the positioning system in a car outside the center. This is the first time such an incident has occurred.
The jamming device is likely to cause the missile to deviate, but the space center did not say it was a sabotage plot or an accident.
In September, China's Mars mission Tianjin 1 won a prestigious international aerospace award from the International Astronomical Flight Federation (IAF) in Paris, France.
For the first time in history, Thien Van 1 has achieved an orbit, landed and moved on Mars in a mission. The scientific data collected during the mission has contributed significantly to a deeper understanding of Mars and the solar system.
In June, China's space agency announced that Thien Van 1 had collected data from the entire Martian surface, marking the official completion of the country's first Mars mission.
Closer to Earth, thanks to the Russian lunar mission, scientists have found the first on-site evidence of water on the lunar surface, discovered a new mineral on the moon and studied the youngest stones ever brought back from the moon. These discoveries have deepened human knowledge of the Moon and the solar system.
To enhance lunar exploration, China has built a facility to simulate the Moon's low-gravity environment to test the device - and is capable of preventing costly miscalculations.
Super computer
In June, Chinese scientists said that the latest generation of Sunway supercomputers were so fast that they successfully ran a complex artificial intelligence model like the human brain.
This achievement puts the Chinese machine on par with Frontier - the latest machine manufactured by the US Department of Energy to be honored as the strongest in the world in the list of Top 500 fastest computers in the world.
However, China's new supercomputer developers have not yet officially sent detailed information to the organizers of the Top 500 list, saying the absence of new Chinese supercomputers in the list is a major vulnerability in the rankings.
Achievements in temperature and quantity
China is ready to mass-produced an important component for an international super project to create energy through the thermal reaction - an endless potential energy source in the future.
Scientists say that the production of core components of the next-generation "artificial sun" - the full-sized prototype of the first heat-transmitting extended wall cover (EHF FW) - has been completed in China with core indices significantly better than the design requirements, and meeting the conditions for mass production.
This event marks a new breakthrough for China in EHF FW's scientific research on core technology.
Also known as the world's largest "artificial sun", the International Thermal Power Plant (ITER) to explore and develop nuclear power synthesis is one of the largest and most extensive international science projects in the world.
Chinese scientists have also reached an important milestone in extreme cold chemistry, a field in which atoms and molecules are cooled to extremely low temperatures to observe how they work in slow motion, as well as how chemical reactions occur at the quantum level.
The research group from the University of Science and Technology of China has been included in the list of top 10 achievements of world physics in 2022.
Regarding quantum computing, leading scientist Pan Jianwei said he and his team aim to develop multi-purpose quantum computers within the next 10 years.
In August, Chinese technology giant Baidu launched a self-developed Qianshi quantum computer in Beijing, which can be accessed by any device, including a smartphone.
