Towards the informal sector, vulnerable groups
Recognizing the disadvantages and gaps in the current social security system, especially for the informal labor sector and vulnerable groups, the State is promoting a comprehensive and profound reform program.
One of the infrastructure reforms and a prerequisite for effective management of the labor market in the digital age is the construction of a national labor database - an important content stipulated in the 2025 Law on Employment.
Forming a centralized database system, allowing monitoring throughout the entire work process, changes in employment and the status of participation and enjoyment of social insurance (SI) and unemployment insurance (UI) regimes of each individual will bring great benefits.
First of all, it will make the labor market transparent, providing an accurate, real-time picture of supply and demand, as a basis for analysis, forecasting and policy making based on evidence. More importantly, this digital infrastructure will improve the effectiveness of implementing policies in a breakthrough way. Authorities can easily identify beneficiaries and pay social security benefits quickly and accurately, while minimizing unusual acts and policy profiteering.
Labor policy according to life cycle
Based on that digital infrastructure platform, the 2025 Labor Law also shows a clear shift in policy design thinking, from the way of receiving and distributing to targeted support, designed specifically for specific groups of subjects, reflecting a "working policy according to the life cycle" (measures to support citizens throughout their lives, from birth to old age). This approach acknowledges that at different stages of life, workers face their own challenges and need appropriate support policies.
According to the report on the status and trends of implementing unemployment insurance policies in conjunction with job creation issued by the Hanoi Employment Service Center, in Hanoi, the city will access and cover social security for each age group.
For elderly workers, the law clearly highlights the challenges of an aging society and the risk of elderly workers being eliminated from the market due to no longer suitable skills. Instead of just waiting for them to receive subsidies, the new policy has a higher preventive effect, stipulating the priority of giving them preferential loans from the National Employment Fund to maintain or create and innovate, and at the same time being supported by the State for the cost of evaluating and granting vocational skills certificates to maintain and improve competitiveness.
For young people, especially the group of young people who have completed their military service and police service, the law considers this an important transition period, requiring state support to reintegrate into the market in a favorable way. The policies are designed comprehensively, including vocational training support, skills training and preferential loans support for startups or work abroad, thereby turning citizen service into an opportunity to develop experience in the future.
For people with disabilities, to break barriers in receiving jobs, the law has introduced a policy of direct incentives, affecting the labor market. Accordingly, employers who hire people with disabilities will be considered for a reduction in the contribution to the unemployment insurance fund. This policy is not only humane but also an economic tool, encouraging businesses to fulfill their social responsibilities and creating a more inclusive labor market.
According to the Hanoi Employment Service Center, the above approach is the core orientation to build a more fair, inclusive and sustainable labor market for the capital in the coming period.
