Israel's fierce military operations in the conflict have caused great damage to Hamas. Hamas' key figures such as political leader Ismail Haniyeh, military commander Mohammed Deif and Yahya Sinwar - who are seen as the architects of the October 7, 2023 attack on Israel - were all killed, along with many other commanders and political figures.
Therefore, Hamas has quietly appointed new commanders but kept their identities confidential. Keeping information about the leading figures confidential is part of the movement's remaining command structure protection strategy, AFP reported.
Unlike its ally Hezbollah, Hamas does not attach importance to the image of individual leaders. The group limited the disclosure of the identities of leaders, especially within the Ezzedine al-Qassam Brigade. A source close to AFP confirmed: "The name of commander Ezzedine al-Qassam will be kept secret."
Researchers say the leadership position has likely been transferred to Mohammed Sinwar, Yahya Sinwar's younger brother, who was in charge of the hostage taken to Gaza in 2023. With a close relationship and combat experience, Mohammed Sinwar is said to have natural authority in the fighting ranks.
Despite the heavy losses, Hamas still maintains its operating apparatus. According to Yasser Abu Heen, founder of Safa news agency in Gaza, Israel's attacks only had a temporary impact, because Hamas had its own operating system.
An unnamed member of the Hamas political committee described the agency as the executive arm of the movement, where every decision is voted on and implemented after being approved by the Shura Council - equivalent to a parliament.
Analysts say that Hamas is currently pursuing a collective leadership model, not relying on a single iconic figure. Keeping the head a secret helps maintain solidarity and limit the risk of being targeted by Israel.
Although still controlling Gaza, Hamas is facing great pressure from both the outside and the inside. Some political leaders are reportedly considering separating from the military. Meanwhile, many Gaza residents are tired of the prolonged conflict and serious damage. Last March, hundreds of people took to the streets to cry out against Hamas, expressing growing dissatisfaction among the people.
However, according to experts, there is currently no force capable of replacing Hamas and the group still maintains power in Gaza.
