Glycolic acid is a common active ingredient in skin care products thanks to its ability to brighten and improve skin surfaces. However, dermatologists warn that improper use can cause irritation and damage to the skin's protective barrier.
According to Dr. Ruben Bhasin Passi, dermatologist at CK Birla Hospital (Gurugram, India), users need to understand the properties of glycolic acid before putting it into their daily skin care routine.
What is glycolic acid?
Glycolic acid belongs to the AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) group, which works by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, helping to remove the cornea on the skin surface. Thanks to its small molecular size, this active ingredient has the ability to penetrate deeply, bringing clear effects but is also easy to cause irritation if used incorrectly.
Newcomers should start with low levels
For skin that has never been exposed to chemical exfoliation, using high- concentration products from the beginning can cause redness, burning, peeling or stinging. Experts recommend starting with a low concentration and only using 1-2 times a week for the skin to gradually adapt.
Abuse can damage the skin's protective barrier
Using glycolic acid too often or in large doses can weaken the skin's protective barrier. When this protective layer is damaged, the skin is prone to dryness, sensitivity, infection and prolonged acne.
Glycolic acid makes skin more sensitive to sunlight
Glycolic acid makes the skin easily affected by ultraviolet rays. If you do not get enough sun protection, the risk of sunburn, dark skin and premature aging will increase. Dr. Passi emphasized the need to use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF of 30 or more every day, even when not going out.
Do not arbitrarily combine with strong active ingredients
Using glycolic acid at the same time as retinol, vitamin C or other acids can cause strong irritation. If you want to incorporate many active ingredients in your skin care routine, users should consult a doctor or use them alternately daily.
Not suitable for all skin types
Glycolic acid is not recommended for people with overly sensitive skin, who are suffering from rosacea or severe inflammatory acne if there is no medical indication. In these cases, the active ingredient can worsen the inflammation and prolong the skin recovery time.
