The thyroid is a small gland located in the front of the neck that produces hormones that help regulate many body functions, including metabolism, growth and development, body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Thyroid disorders occur when the thyroid gland produces too much or too little of essential hormones, leading to a variety of symptoms.
Common Thyroid Disorders and Symptoms
The two main thyroid diseases include:
Hyperthyroidism, also known as overactive thyroid, is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, causing a faster metabolism. Common symptoms include: irregular heartbeat, weight loss, sweating, and anxiety.
Hypothyroidism, also known as an underactive thyroid, occurs when your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones, which can slow your metabolism. Some common symptoms include a slower heart rate, weight gain, fatigue, and sensitivity to cold.
Can thyroid disease cause fatigue?
According to Dr. Satyam Chakraborty, endocrinologist at Fortis Hospital, Anandapur (India), both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to fatigue.
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, resulting in a slower metabolism. This decreased metabolic function reduces the body's ability to produce energy, leaving people feeling sluggish and exhausted.
Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, is characterized by an overproduction of thyroid hormones, which speeds up metabolism. While it may initially seem like it would increase energy levels, excess hormone production can lead to sleep disturbances and increased energy expenditure, ultimately causing fatigue.
How can thyroid medication help?
If you have a thyroid problem and are often tired, thyroid medication can help relieve symptoms:
Balancing hormone levels: In hypothyroidism, medication replaces missing thyroid hormones, helping to restore normal metabolism and energy levels.
Controlling hyperthyroidism: Medications can slow down overactive thyroid glands, reduce excess hormone production, and regulate energy expenditure.
Additionally, Dr Chakraborty adds, lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet rich in nutrients, engaging in moderate physical activity, managing stress and getting adequate sleep, preferably 7-9 hours, can help promote optimal thyroid function.
