Europe is at risk of having to spend at least 440 billion euros to treat pollution and health effects caused by PFAS toxic chemicals from now until the middle of the century, according to a study published by the European Commission (EC) on January 29.
According to analysis, this figure could skyrocket to trillions of euros if the EU pursues more ambitious cleanup goals. The 440 billion euro level is considered a basic scenario for responding to PFAS pollution throughout the European Economic Zone.
PFAS, also known as "permanent chemicals", are artificial compounds widely used in many industrial processes and consumer products. They are believed to be linked to a range of health problems, including cancer and reduced fertility.
The EU is preparing to propose a ban on the use of PFAS this year, with some exceptions for "essential areas" - a position that is forecast to face opposition from industry and some political groups.
However, the report warns that even if a comprehensive ban is applied, Europe will still have to bear a cost of about 330 billion euros by 2050.
Clarifying the approach to PFAS, with bans in the consumer sector, is a top priority for both people and businesses" - EU Environment Commissioner Jessika Roswall said. "That's why this is my absolute priority, to promote action and dialogue with all stakeholders. Consumers are worried, and that is completely grounded. This study shows the urgency of taking action.
Meanwhile, research conducted by consulting firms WSP, Ricardo and Trinomics shows that not only whether to act or not, but also how Europe acts will determine the level of costs to bear.
In a scenario where emissions continue and the government mainly relies on wastewater treatment to meet strict environmental standards, total costs could reach about 1,700 billion euros by 2050, mainly due to cleaning costs.
According to research, medical costs related to "perishable chemicals" are currently at about 39.5 billion euros per year (calculated according to the 2024 milestone) and could decrease to about 0.5 billion euros by 2040 if the EU completely bans these chemicals.
The European Commission's study exposes the enormous price of PFAS pollution. Every delay makes the bills bigger," said Noémie Jégou, a chemical policy expert at the European Environment Agency. "The EU must lock down emissions right now, through an ambitious PFAS restriction measure, including consumer products and industrial processes.
