On the evening of February 10, 2025, Hanoi was the most polluted in the world, on the morning of 11.2, Hanoi was the second pollution globally. Earlier on 3.1, AQI Hanoi reached 284, the most polluted in the world, some places to reach the dangerous threshold 557. 11 times the recommendation of WHO.
Air pollution causes 7 million deaths early each year, seriously causes respiratory, cardiovascular disease and affects children's awareness. According to UNICEF's report, 242 million children were affected by learning due to climate shocks by 2024. Vietnam needs to control emissions, develop electric vehicles through electric car credits, expand green areas and green areas Raise community awareness.
Experience in developing electric vehicles through Thailand's voluntary carbon credits
On January 24, the Bangkok government announced the closing of 352 schools due to air pollution reached the highest level in the past 5 years. PM2.5 index in Thailand up to 108 micrograms/m³, far exceeding the recommendations of WHO (15 micrograms/m³). The Thai Prime Minister issued free public transport orders in Bangkok from 25-31.1 to deal with air pollution. The government allocates 140 million baht to compensate for costs. At the same time, 8 emissions control stations were established. If pollution does not decrease, the policy may be extended.
The Thai government has issued many policies to electrify traffic, applying support of $ 2,000-4,300 for buyers depending on the battery package. Customers who buy electric motorbikes are also supported 520 USD for cars costing $ 4,300. An 8 GWH electric battery factory will receive a $ 12-17 support level for each kWh.
The electric bus project in Bangkok is part of a sustainable transportation strategy and reducing the emissions of Thailand's greenhouse gases, towards the target of carbon neutralization by 2050. The vehicle is an electric vehicle by 2030, through policies to support production and development of infrastructure, with the ambition to become the center of Southeast Asia electric car. Electric buses are expected to serve 123 routes in Bangkok, replace the car by internal combustion engines, to save energy, reduce emissions and improve customer experience. To attract investors, the project needs to be feasible in finance.
The plan without carbon credit is only 1.33%, 5.24%lower than expected. When revenue from carbon credits, IRR increases to 9.3%, far exceeding expectations. This requires close coordination between the Government and the private sector to ensure high carbon credit price, helping the project to succeed.
The Bangkok electric bus program has succeeded in issuing the first international transfer reduction results (ITMOS) according to Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement to use for the contribution by the country decided by the country (NDC). This is an important step in climate cooperation between Switzerland and Thailand.
Experience in developing US electric car credit market
According to the 2024 financial statements, Tesla earned US $ 2.76 billion from the sale of carbon credit, up 54% compared to 2023. This record revenue exceeded US $ 1.78 billion from carbon credits to credits In 2022. Tesla sells carbon credit to other car manufacturers, helping them to comply with emissions standards set by California Air Resources Committee (Carb) without having to make major changes in work. The company attracted attention in 2019 when earning $ 357 million from selling carbon credits to automotive companies that did not meet the regulations on emissions.
In addition to traditional sources of revenue from vehicles and solar energy installation, Tesla has proven that the sale of carbon credits is a stable and important contribution to its revenue and profit. Since 2018, Tesla has sold US $ 419 million in carbon credit, and by 2020, Carbon credit revenue reaches US $ 1.58 billion. In the first quarter of 2022, the company stunned the market with credit revenue of up to 679 million USD. One of Tesla's big customers in buying carbon credits is Chrysler, believed to have purchased carbon credits worth 2.4 billion USD, accounting for the majority of the company's credit revenue over the years.
The US has developed electric car credits and CO₂ emission standards. EPA greenhouse gas emission program requires automobile firms to reduce CO₂ from new cars sold in the US, promoting clean technology. The standard applies to cars, light trucks and heavy trucks, with emission limits depending on the type of vehicle. From 2012-2025, EPA aims to reduce the average CO₂ on each car, from 250g/mile to below 140g/mile with the car.
The car credits are not emissions (ZEV) in California and the states under Article 177 of the Clean Air Act (Clean Air Act). California and 17 other states in the United States apply ZEV standards under Article 177 of the clean air law. This is a great opportunity for electric car manufacturers, when the company can take advantage of the sale of electric cars (EV) to create ZEV credits. Each electric car sold in these states will create ZEV credits, helping other car manufacturers achieve the ZEV ratio requirements. ZEV credits can be worth from $ 2,000 to $ 6,000 per credibility, creating additional revenue sources for electric car manufacturers.
The program of non -emissions (ZEV) led by California Air Resources Board (Carb) requires car manufacturers to reach the ratio of non -emission cars (ZEV) in their car team, with the goal of reaching 35% in In 2026 and 100% in 2035. This ratio is calculated through the ZEV credit system, in which each ZEV car receives different credits depending on the type of vehicle, with pure electric vehicles (BEV) received from 1 to 4 credits Only, Hybrid plug-in cars (Phev) receive from 0.4 to 1 credit, and a fuel-powered car (FCEV) receives up to 4 credits. Manufacturers need to reach 7% to 22% of the total number of cars sold each year through ZEV credit, creating opportunities for companies that sell electric cars and collect ZEV credit, not only to meet the requirements but also create but also create Additional revenue source.
Solutions to develop electric car credit market to reduce air pollution in Vietnam
To deal with serious air pollution in Vietnam, especially in big cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, an effective and sustainable solution is to develop the electric car credit market. According to statistics, in early 2025, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City both recorded AQI (air quality index) at a high level, of which Hanoi regularly topped the list of the most polluted cities so that gender. Air pollution not only causes millions of deaths every year but also increases respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and adversely affects the health of children, with 242 million children around the globe. Learning effects because of climate shock. Therefore, Vietnam needs to quickly deploy emissions control measures and encourage the conversion to clean traffic.
The feasible solution is to develop the electric vehicle credit market, thereby encouraging the transformation from the vehicle to use fossil fuel to electric vehicles (EV). Electric car credits can be considered a financial tool to help companies minimize greenhouse gas emissions through financial support for electric vehicles production and consumption. Along with the expansion of electric car infrastructure and developing support policies, electric car credits will promote the production and consumption of electric vehicles in Vietnam, and create opportunities for businesses to participate in Global carbon market.
Thailand is a typical example of the application of voluntary carbon credits to develop electric vehicles. Through the voluntary reduction program (T-VE), Thailand has encouraged projects to reduce emissions and apply green technology, including electric vehicles, in urban areas. The Thai government not only provides support packages for consumers when buying electric cars but also encourages businesses to invest in electric car projects through carbon credit market. This helps promote sustainable development and achieve commitments in the Paris agreement on climate.
The United States, especially California, has also succeeded in developing electric car credit through programs such as ZEV (ZEV). California requires automobile manufacturers to reach the ratio of non -emissions (ZEV) in their fleet, while allowing these manufacturers to sell ZEV credits to other manufacturers to compensate for the transmitter rate. waste my. These credits can be valued at US $ 2,000 to $ 6,000, helping automobile companies not only reduce the cost compliance costs but also create additional revenue from carbon credit selling. The application of this model in Vietnam will help electric car companies like VinFast can take advantage of the sale of electric cars to create ZEV credits, thereby promoting the development of the domestic electric vehicle market.
Developing green areas and raising community awareness is also an important part of this strategy. In order to enhance efficiency, Vietnam needs to encourage clean transport infrastructure development initiatives, including expanding the network of electric car charging stations and supporting businesses to develop electric vehicle technology. The Government may apply tax incentive policies and financial support for domestic electric vehicle manufacturers, and at the same time create conditions for electric car infrastructure development projects to easily access capital.
The electric car credit market is not only an economic opportunity, but also an important solution to help Vietnam minimize air pollution and achieve the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions according to national commitments. sacrifice. The implementation of these policies will not only help improve air quality but also promote green and sustainable economy.
