Dr Piyush Lodha, a diabetologist and thyroid specialist at Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune (India), says the thyroid gland plays an important role in regulating metabolism, energy levels and general physiological functions.
For women, thyroid health is more susceptible than for men. Thyroid-related disease can also affect fertility.
Therefore, early detection of symptoms of thyroid dysfunction can help in timely medical intervention and effective management of the condition.
Hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid
An overactive thyroid affects your metabolism and can lead to a variety of painful thyroid symptoms if not properly controlled. Here are the signs:
1. Unexplained weight loss: Pay attention if you lose weight rapidly despite eating normally or eating a lot.
2. Rapid or irregular heartbeat: Palpitations, rapid heartbeat, or arrhythmia can be alarming signs.
3. Increased sweating and heat sensitivity: Excessive sweating and heat intolerance are common symptoms.
4. Anxiety and restlessness: You may experience unusual anxiety, irritability, or restlessness for no apparent reason.
5. Tremors: Mild tremors in the hands and fingers can be a sign of an overactive thyroid.
6. Fatigue and muscle weakness: Despite increased activity, women may still experience fatigue and muscle weakness.
7. Sleep disturbances: Insomnia or difficulty falling asleep may be a symptom.
8. Changes in menstrual cycle: Light or irregular periods may occur, and in some cases, no periods at all.
Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid
Hypothyroidism, more common in women over 50, is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland that does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This condition slows down the body's metabolism and causes a variety of health-related symptoms.
Please note the following:
1. Unexplained weight gain.
2. Tired and lethargic.
3. Increased sensitivity to cold temperatures.
4. Dry skin and hair, joint and muscle pain, depression and memory problems, irregular menstruation.
5. Hard stools or constipation.
6. Heavy and irregular menstruation.
7. Thin, brittle hair or nails.
8. Hoarseness.
9. Swollen face, hands and feet.
10. Low body temperature.
11. Slow heart rate.
With the wide variety of symptoms that thyroid dysfunction can present, it is imperative to consult a doctor when some of the above signs appear. Early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly improve quality of life.
