According to Dr. Bandana Sodhi, Director of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fortis Laffeme, GK II, New Delhi (India), thyroid disorder is one of the most common hormonal conditions affecting pregnancy. When left untreated, thyroid problems can lead to serious complications for the health of both mother and baby.
Thyroid disorders during pregnancy
Dr. Bandana Sodhi says that the thyroid plays an important role in the body, regulating metabolism and supporting the development of the fetal brain. During pregnancy, the need for thyroid hormones increases, causing significant changes in thyroid function. If this condition is not managed, it can lead to disorders such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (over-activated thyroid).
Risk of untreated thyroid disease for mothers
Risk of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. This condition is common during pregnancy with a rate of 2 - 3% for clinical hypothyroidism and 0.3 - 0.5% for obvious hypothyroidism. Complications may include high blood pressure during pregnancy, anemia, placental flaccidity or postpartum bleeding.
Risk of hyperthyroidism
Thyroid congestion occurs when the thyroid gland produces excess hormones. Dr. Sodhi lists complications such as high blood pressure (preeclampsia), heart problems such as high heart rate, which can lead to nervousness and shortness of breath.
Risk of untreated thyroid disease for fetuses
Risk of hypothyroidism
Thyroid condition can increase the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth and premature birth. Newborns may have low birth weight or poor brain development, leading to low IQ and slow nerve development. Congenital hypothyroidism in infants is also common in these cases.
Risk of hyperthyroidism
The fetus may be behind schedule due to lack of oxygen and nutrients. hyperthyroidism can also lead to premature birth. However, infants rarely have hyperthyroidism.
Note
According to Dr. Bandana Sodhi, untreated thyroid disorders during pregnancy can have serious consequences for both mother and fetus, from complications such as miscarriage, premature birth, to slow nerve development in infants. Therefore, screening and managing thyroid disorders during pregnancy is extremely important. Pregnant women need to proactively check thyroid health and follow medical instructions to ensure a healthy, safe pregnancy for both mother and baby.
