What is hemoglobin?
Dr Maneendra, a critical care physician at Gleneagles Hospital, Lakdi Ka Pul, Hyderabad, India, said that hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. When hemoglobin levels are too high (more than 16.6 g/dL for men and 15 g/dL for women), the blood becomes thicker and flows more slowly, increasing the risk of complications.
Some common causes of high hemoglobin include living at high altitudes, smoking, dehydration, or conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or having limited oxygen intake.
“In more severe cases, the condition can be associated with bone marrow disorders such as polycythemia vera, a rare blood disease that causes the body to produce too many red blood cells,” says Dr. Maneendra.
Reason
Several factors can contribute to a sudden increase in hemoglobin levels, including not drinking water throughout the day. This can lead to dehydration and a decrease in blood volume.
Sharing the same view, Dr. Muralidaran C, a hematologist at Wockhardt Mira Road Hospital (India) added that people with heart disease, lung disease and some blood disorders are more likely to experience high levels of hemoglobin in their blood.
Potential risks when hemoglobin levels are too high
Blood clots: Thicker blood increases the risk of blood clots forming, which can lead to heart attack, stroke or deep vein thrombosis.
High blood pressure: High blood pressure can result from increased blood viscosity.
Fatigue and dizziness: The body feels tired and dizzy due to poor blood circulation.
Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and may include surgery to remove blood or medications to reduce red blood cell production and reduce the risk of blood clots, says Dr. Maneendra.
Prevention Tips
Dr. Muralidaran C recommends taking proactive measures and lifestyle modifications to effectively manage high hemoglobin levels. These include eating a balanced diet, staying hydrated by drinking 1 to 2 liters of water per day, exercising for more than 45 minutes per day, managing stress, and avoiding alcohol or smoking.
