According to Dr. Ajinkya Deshmukh, Ophthalmologist, Pediatrician and Neurologist, Prabha Eye Clinic and Research Centre, Bengaluru (India), the eyes are extremely sensitive and vulnerable to the effects of sunlight, especially UV rays (ultraviolet rays). Although sunlight provides vitamin D and is a natural source of energy, if not properly protected, you may face the risk of some of the following eye diseases:
Cataract
UV rays can damage the lens, causing blurred vision and reduced vision, especially in the elderly.
Macular degeneration
UV rays can damage the retina, leading to macular degeneration - a condition that causes loss of central vision, affecting the ability to read and drive.
Keratitis (snow blindness)
Strong UV rays can cause keratitis, causing eye pain, redness and temporary loss of vision, especially with prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
Surfer's eye (pterygium)
This is a benign tumor that develops on the surface of the eye, usually in the corner of the eye near the nose, due to long-term exposure to UV rays, wind and dust. Pterygium can impair vision if it grows too large.
Dry eyes and eye strain
When exposed to sunlight for too long, the eyes can become dry, tired, causing discomfort and reduced vision.
Measures to protect eyes from sunlight
To protect your eyes from the harmful effects of UV rays, Dr. Ajinkya Deshmukh has suggested some simple yet effective measures:
Wear UV-protective sunglasses: Choosing sunglasses with high UV protection (at least 99% UV) will help protect your eyes from the harmful effects of sunlight.
Wear a wide-brimmed hat: A wide-brimmed hat will help block direct sunlight, protecting not only your eyes but also your face and the skin around your eyes.
Limit direct exposure to sunlight: Try to avoid going outside during peak sun hours (10am to 4pm). If you must go outside, seek shade or use other protection.
Get regular checkups: If you're exposed to sunlight regularly, get regular eye exams to catch early signs of conditions like cataracts or macular degeneration.
