Quy định chuyển tiếp về thu hồi đất, bồi thường, hỗ trợ, tái định cư
Chính phủ đã ban hành Nghị định 49/2026/NĐ-CP quy định chi tiết và hướng dẫn một số điều của Nghị quyết 254/2025/QH15 của Quốc hội quy định một số cơ chế, chính sách tháo gỡ khó khăn, vướng mắc trong tổ chức thi hành Luật Đất đai.
Article 19 of Decree 49/2026/ND-CP stipulates the transition on land acquisition, compensation, support, and resettlement as follows:
- In case there is a land acquisition decision and a decision approving the compensation, support, and resettlement plan before January 31, 2026, continue to implement according to the approved compensation, support, and resettlement plan.
- In case before the effective date of this Decree, there is no decision approving the compensation, support, and resettlement plan, compensation, support, resettlement, and land recovery shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Land Law, Resolution 254/2025/QH15, and this Decree.
For projects that still have a part of the land area that has not been approved for compensation, support, and resettlement plans before the effective date of this Decree, in case of necessity, the Provincial People's Committee shall consider and decide to choose to apply one of the following legal regulations to approve the compensation, support, and resettlement plan:
+ Legal regulations at the time of approval of the compensation, support, and resettlement plan;
+ Legal regulations at the time the Land Law takes effect;
+ Quy định của pháp luật có hiệu lực từ ngày 31.1.2026.
- In case the land recovery notice issued according to the provisions of the Land Law is still valid after January 31, 2026, it will continue to be implemented according to the issued land recovery notice.
New regulations on procedures for compensation and resettlement support when land is recovered according to Resolution 254
According to Clause 9, Article 3 of Resolution 254/2025/QH15, the order and procedures for compensation, support, resettlement, land recovery for national defense and security purposes; socio-economic development for national and public interests are stipulated in the Land Law, documents detailing and guiding the implementation of the Land Law and stipulating the following:
(1) Before issuing a land recovery decision, the competent authority sends a land recovery notice to the person whose land is recovered, the owner of assets attached to the land, and people with related rights and obligations (if any) at the latest 60 days for agricultural land and 120 days for non-agricultural land.
Thời hạn quy định tại điểm này không áp dụng đối với trường hợp người sử dụng đất, chủ sở hữu tài sản gắn liền với đất, người có quyền lợi và nghĩa vụ liên quan trong khu vực thu hồi đất đồng ý để cơ quan nhà nước có thẩm quyền thu hồi đất trước thời hạn quy định tại khoản 1 Điều 85 Luật Đất đai thì Ủy ban nhân dân cấp có thẩm quyền quyết định thu hồi đất mà không phải chờ đến hết thời hạn quy định tại khoản 1 Điều 85 Luật Đất đai;
(2) The deadline for publicizing the compensation, support, and resettlement plan at the headquarters of the Commune-level People's Committee, the common living area of the residential area where the land is recovered, posted on the Electronic Information Portal of the Commune-level People's Committee is 10 days. The deadline for organizing dialogues in case there are still dissenting opinions on the compensation, support, and resettlement plan is no more than 30 days from the date of organizing the opinion gathering on the compensation, support, and resettlement plan;
(3) Provincial People's Committees regulate the organization of resettlement arrangement in cases where the resettlement arrangement location is outside the commune-level administrative unit where land is recovered.
At the same time, Clause 13 of the Resolution stipulates the transition for land acquisition, compensation, support, and resettlement as follows:
- In case there is a land acquisition decision and a decision approving the compensation, support, and resettlement plan before January 1, 2026, continue to implement according to the approved compensation, support, and resettlement plan.
In case there is a decision approving the compensation, support, and resettlement plan according to the provisions of the Land Law before January 1, 2026, then continue to issue a decision to recover land according to the order and procedures of the Land Law;
- In case before January 1, 2026, there is no decision approving the compensation, support, and resettlement plan, land acquisition, compensation, support, and resettlement shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Land Law and the provisions of the Resolution.
Đối với dự án còn một phần diện tích đất chưa phê duyệt phương án bồi thường, hỗ trợ, tái định cư trước ngày 1.1.2026 thì trong trường hợp cần thiết, Ủy ban nhân dân cấp tỉnh xem xét, quyết định lựa chọn quy định tại thời điểm đã phê duyệt phương án bồi thường, hỗ trợ, tái định cư hoặc quy định của Luật Đất đai hoặc quy định của pháp luật có hiệu lực từ ngày 1.1.2026 để thực hiện thu hồi đất, bồi thường, hỗ trợ, tái định cư đối với phần diện tích đất chưa phê duyệt phương án;
- Notice of land acquisition issued before August 1, 2024 and no decision on land acquisition issued before January 1, 2026, the land acquisition notice expires; in case the competent state agency continues to carry out land acquisition, a land acquisition notice must be issued according to the provisions of the Land Law;
- In case there is a document from a competent state agency allowing an economic organization to receive land use rights transfer to implement an investment project according to regulations before January 1, 2026, and the project meets the conditions specified in point b, clause 2, Article 3 of the Resolution, it shall be implemented according to the provisions of the Resolution.
