Children in the period from 0-5 years old are like a "spoke", quickly absorbing all information, emotions and experiences. This is the time when neurodegenerative disorders such as autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disorders... often begin to appear. Early detection and proper intervention during this time can completely change the child's future.
From birth until about 5 years old, the brain has the strongest ability to learn and adapt. Proper intervention during this period is most effective," Dr. Puja Kapoor, a pediatrician at Artemis Hospital (India), emphasized.
Signs of early recognition
In children with autism, signs may include not communicating with the eyes, not reacting when calling out names, not pointing at objects or not using context- appropriate words. Children can speak verses or songs but cannot communicate normally every day.
Children with ADHD are often very active, intelligent but not focused, easily impatient and do not follow the rules. Children who have difficulty learning can speak well but cannot read, write or do math, and may even have difficulty in simple sports such as catching the ball.
Why should you intervene before the age of 5?
In the first year of life, the baby's brain develops up to 80% of adult size. By about 6 years old, the development process is almost complete. This stage is called the flexible brain stage, when the brain easily adapts to external influences. After this stage, adjusting and improving brain function will be more difficult and time-consuming.
Due to the importance of this stage, doctors in India are encouraged to assess children's development at the same time as the regular vaccination schedule, especially at the 18-month mark, said Dr. Kapoor.
Effective intervention methods
Intervention will depend on the specific disorder of each child:
autism: Using integrated moved therapy with feelings helps children control repetitive behaviors and increase concentration.
ADHD: Combine behavioral therapy with therapeutic activities to improve behavior control and attention.
Slow: Apply early language therapy to support communication development.
Learning disorders: Specialist teachers will use appropriate learning methods to help children read, write and calculate more effectively.
Some children are also supported through the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method - especially useful in regulating behavior and developing life skills.
Parents are the key
Parents need to closely monitor unusual signs: children do not get lost or do not know how to call their parents when they are 18 - 24 months old, do not just hand or do not respond to calls. These signs may be early warnings for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Effective intervention requires close coordination between parents and experts. If detected early and handled appropriately, most children will improve significantly and can integrate with their peers.
The first 5 years of life are a key stage in the development of children's brains. This is also a valuable time for intervention, helping children overcome development barriers. Early identification and timely action not only help children improve their condition but also open up a brighter future for them.
