Can arthritis develop during pregnancy?
According to gynaecologist Dr Asha Hiremath, Motherhood Hospital (India), arthritis developing during pregnancy is not common. However, the symptoms of the disease can change due to changes in the immune system and hormones.
Pregnant women may experience swelling in the limbs, joint pain, shortness of breath and tingling, so if you have arthritis and are planning to get pregnant, consult your obstetrician for a smooth pregnancy.
What are the risks of pregnant women with arthritis?
According to a study published in the journal Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, pregnant women with arthritis are at risk of giving birth to babies who are smaller and have a lower weight than average. Here are some common risks:
Low birth weight
Pregnant women with arthritis can cause their babies to be smaller than normal, causing negative effects on the health of the fetus. On average, babies should weigh between 2.5 and 4 kg at birth. If the baby is too small, the baby may experience respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), characterized by difficulty breathing due to immature lungs. The baby may need oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation to help it breathe.
Premature birth
Mothers with arthritis are more likely to give birth prematurely. Premature babies have immature immune systems and are susceptible to infections, pneumonia, and meningitis. Premature birth puts babies at increased risk for neurological problems, cognitive delays, attention deficits, and behavioral problems.
Miscarriage
In a study published in the Journal of Rheumatology, researchers found that pregnant women with arthritis had a higher risk of miscarriage than healthy women.
