Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women. PCOS can cause irregular or absent periods due to hormonal imbalance. According to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer, approximately 75 to 85 percent of women with PCOS experience menstrual irregularities.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus or within the uterus, usually on other organs inside the pelvis or abdominal cavity. Endometriotic tumors can swell and bleed, similar to the way the lining of the uterus does every month, leading to bleeding inside the pelvis and painful periods.
The condition affects an estimated 190 million women of reproductive age (aged 15 and older) globally. According to the World Health Organization, endometriosis is a cause of severe pain during menstruation.
Uterine fibroids
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors in the uterus that can lead to prolonged menstrual bleeding. In a study published in the journal Frontiers, 30 percent of patients with uterine fibroids experienced menorrhagia. Women with uterine fibroids may also experience bleeding between periods with blood clots, pelvic pain, lower back pain, and urinary problems.
Thyroid disorders
Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are common thyroid disorders that affect many women. In a study published in the journal Current Medicine Research and Practice, 30% of women with hypothyroidism and 7.5% of those with hyperthyroidism had irregular periods.
Hypothyroidism can cause heavy periods, while hyperthyroidism can lead to lighter periods or absent periods.
Chronic stress
According to the American Psychological Association, chronic, ongoing, and prolonged stress can affect health by causing anxiety, muscle pain, and a weakened immune system. Chronic stress can also lead to hormonal imbalances that cause irregular or absent periods. In a new study published in the journal Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, chronic stress was identified as a factor that can alter or cause irregular periods.
