The shooting occurred in a residential area in Bekkersdal, about 40km from Johannesburg, on December 21, killing at least 10 people and injuring 10 others.
Police said the motive for the Bekkersdal shooting was still unclear. Some victims were fatally shot on the street by unidentified shooters, the police said in a statement.
"Ten people have died. We do not yet have details on the identity of the victims," said Brigadier Brenda Muridili, spokesperson for Gauteng provincial police. According to police, the injured were taken to the hospital.
The shooting occurred near a bar in Bekkersdal, a poor area near several large South African gold mines.
This is the second mass shooting in South Africa this month. On December 6, gunmen stormed a motel near the capital pretoria and killed dozens of people, including a 3-year-old child.
South Africa, a country of 63 million, is facing a high crime rate, including one of the countries with the highest murder rate in the world.