On March 5, the Government Office announced that the Government had issued Decree No. 57/2025/ND-CP regulating the mechanism for direct electricity purchase and sale between renewable energy power generation units and large electricity customers.
According to the decree, direct electricity trading is an electricity trading activity carried out between a renewable energy power generation unit and a large electricity user, carried out through the following two forms:
1. Direct power sale through a separate power grid is the activity of signing a power sale contract and delivering electricity directly through a separate power grid between a renewable energy power generation unit and a large electricity user.
2. Direct electricity trading through the national grid is the activity of buying and selling electricity and delivering electricity between renewable energy power generation units and large electricity customers (or retail electricity units in authorized district and cluster models) including:
- Renewable energy power generation units sell all electricity produced in the spot electricity market of the competitive wholesale market.
- Customers using large electricity (or retail electricity units in authorized area and cluster models) sign power term contracts with renewable energy power generation units.
- Customers using large electricity (or retail electricity units in authorized cluster and area models) sign electricity purchase contracts with Power Corporation and Power Company to buy all electricity to meet electricity needs.
Recycling power generation units and large electricity customers must comply with legal regulations on: Planning, investment; regulations on granting electricity operation licenses; regulations on electrical safety in construction, operation and safety in electricity use; regulations on construction, land, environmental protection and fire and explosion safety.
For large electricity customers who have used electricity for 12 months or more: The average total electricity consumption in the last 12 months is not lower than the electricity consumption output of large electricity customers in the Regulations on operating competitive wholesale markets issued by the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
For large electricity customers with a power consumption period of less than 12 months: Registered electricity output is calculated according to the expected electricity consumption output purchased from an Electricity Corporation, Electricity Company and is not lower than the electricity consumption output of large electricity customers in the regulations on operating the competitive wholesale market issued by the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
The electricity purchase and sale contract between a renewable energy power generation unit and a large electricity user agreed upon by both parties is in accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the Electricity Law and other relevant legal provisions, including the following main contents:
Information of the parties; purpose of use; standards and quality of services; rights and obligations of the parties; electricity price, payment method and payment period; conditions for termination of contract; responsibility for breach of contract; term of contract; responsibility for investment, construction, management and operation of separate power grid; other contents agreed upon by both parties.
In particular, the electricity price is negotiated and agreed upon by the parties and does not exceed the maximum price of the power generation price framework of the corresponding power source type.
