Hormonal changes, the leading factor affecting the thyroid gland
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that plays a role in regulating metabolism, energy and mood. However, women are much more likely to develop thyroid disorders than men. The main cause lies in hormonal fluctuations during biological stages such as puberty, pregnancy and menopause.
According to the National Institute of Diabetes, Gastroenterology and kidney disease (USA), changes in estrogen and progesterone hormones during the menstrual cycle can affect the production of thyroid hormones. When estrogen levels increase, the ability to use thyroid hormones decreases, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cognitive disorders, although blood testing is still within normal limits.
Women are more susceptible to autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto's thyroid inflammation, when the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, making them more susceptible to hypothyroidism, says Mugdha Pradhan, a nutritionist at the University of Man United, founder of the nutrition company iThrive (India).
Genetics, emotions and lifestyle, trio have a long-term impact
According to Harvard Health, if there is a person in the family with thyroid disease, your risk is also higher. However, genetics are not the only factor. Prolonged stress, a diet high in sugar, processed foods and minerals such as iodine, selenium, and zinc can all weaken the thyroid gland.
Emotions are also a notable factor. Women are often pressured between work and family, leading to emotional imbalance and immune disorders. Research published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine shows that chronic stress can aggravate autoimmune diseases like Hashimoto.
According to the National Institutes of Health, maintaining a diet of enough protein, selenium (in Brazilian nuts) and iodine (from fish, eggs, milk) can support the production of thyroid hormones. In addition, practicing yoga, getting enough sleep and managing stress help balance hormones and improve thyroid function.
Women need to listen to their bodies, eat healthy, reduce stress, and have a regular thyroid check-up, says expert Mugdha Pradhan. Good hormonal health is the foundation for long-term happiness".
