High cholesterol is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Besides statins, the top treatment option, some herbs and natural supplements are being studied as support solutions for people with mild cholesterol increase or drug intolerance.
Herbal medicines with scientific evidence
Red fermented rice is the most studied herb. The monacolin K component in red fermented rice has a structure similar to lovastatin, which helps inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Studies show that red fermented rice can help reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 15 - 25% within two months, with an effectiveness almost equivalent to low-dose statins.
Garlic is also recorded to help reduce total cholesterol by about 5% and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by about 6%, thanks to the compound allicin. In addition, garlic also supports blood pressure control and inflammatory reactions, bringing comprehensive benefits to the cardiovascular system.
Guggulu, Commiphora mukul resin used in Ayurveda medicine, shows the ability to reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, side effects such as digestive disorders or rash can occur.
Potential benefits and important notes
Artichoke, a familiar component in the Mediterranean diet, can help reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 6 - 10%, especially useful in people with fatty liver or metabolic syndrome.
Black fennel and fenugreek are also recorded to have a certain level of cholesterol reduction. Among them, fenugreek contains a lot of soluble fiber, which helps increase cholesterol excretion through the bile ducts, and also supports blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes.
According to Mr. Jonathan Purtell, a certified Dietitian Nutritionist in the US, herbs "may provide dietary benefits, but cannot replace statins in people at high cardiovascular risk". He emphasized that self-medicating supplements can cause drug interactions or unwanted effects.
Experts recommend that people with high cholesterol should talk to their doctor before using herbs, and maintain a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and monitor blood fat levels periodically.
