The La Nina phenomenon, which has a cooling effect on the global climate, is facing the risk of ending earlier than expected. Meanwhile, another climate phenomenon - El Nino Costero ( El Nino coastal) - is gradually forming near the coast of Peru, causing surprising fluctuations.
In January 2025, La Nina finally appeared in the Pacific Ocean after many forecasts. However, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), this phenomenon is expected to last for a very short time and have a 60% chance of disappearing by May 2025.
La Nina typically brings cold to a large area of the Pacific Ocean, but it seems unlikely to be strong enough to stop the heat cycle since 2024, which has recorded record temperatures.
In the world, the signs of La Nina coming to an end are a signal that 2025 could become the next record-breaking hot year.
While La Nina weakens, unusually warm ocean waters in the eastern Pacific are creating an El Nino Costero phenomenon, causing sea temperatures to rise above average by 5 degrees Celsius. The event is signaling unpredictable weather changes in the coming months, according to the Washington Post.
History has proven that El Nino Costero can cause serious flooding, especially in Peru. In 2017 and 2023, the El Nino Costero phenomenon caused this area to suffer devastating floods and a dengue fever outbreak.
In a typical La Nina, cooling water can limit rainfall and thunderstorms in the tropical Pacific.
However, if El Nino Costero extends into 2025, it could reduce the risk of an over-strength Atlantic hurricane season. In addition, if El Nino Costero spreads completely to the Pacific Ocean, the risk of 2025 becoming the hottest year on record will increase.
Although weather forecasting has improved a lot in recent decades, it is still not completely accurate for fluctuations in the Pacific. Therefore, scientists still need to closely monitor the unexpected changes of the global climate system in the coming time.
