Iran is currently one of the countries with the largest and most diverse ballistic missile stockpile in the Middle East. It is estimated that before the conflict with Israel broke out, Iran had about 3,000 ballistic missiles in hand, with different ranges of fire, enough to cover most of the Middle East. Many missiles are capable of reaching Israel, overcoming the country's sophisticated air defense network.
Among the medium-range ballistic missiles, the most prominent is the Fattah-2, a super anti-acoustic missile with a Mach 15 speed, a range of 1,500km, integrated with km2 technology and super anti-acoustic journey technology, capable of changing trajectory in flight.
Iran also owns the Sejjil, a solid-fuel missile with a range of up to 2,000km and a warhead weight of about 700kg. Developed since the late 1990s, the Sejjil inherits the design of missile lines such as Zelzal. Meanwhile, the Shahab-3, using liquid fuel, can reach a range of 1,000 - 2,000km depending on the weight of the bullet. New variants of Shahab-3 have been significantly improved in accuracy.
The Ghadr-110 missile (or Qadr-110) is an upgraded version of the Shahab-3A, using a combination of liquid and solid fuel, with variants with a range of 1,350km to 1,950km. This missile line is highly flexible, suitable for many different combat scenarios.
Khaibar (Khorramshahr4) is a new generation medium-range ballistic missile developed by the Iranian Ministry of Defense, capable of carrying a 1,500kg warhead and reaching a range of 2,000km. This type of missile reflects Tehran's ambition to enhance its strategic deterrence power.
Emad is Iran's first directed surface-to-surface missile, with a range of about 1,700km, mobility when re-entering the atmosphere and a range of only about 500m.
The Haj Qasem, launched in 2020, is designed for fast and accurate attack, with a range of 1,400km and the ability to penetrate the opponent's defense system.
Kheibar Shekan, operated by the Revolutionary Guards, is a solid fuel missile with a range of over 1,400km and high mobility in the final stages of the journey. This type of missile can be launched from many different platforms, with high disguise capabilities.
Along with that, Iran also owns Paveh - a long-range cruise missile that can reach 1,650km, and recently introduced the Qassem Basir model, which is claimed to be able to penetrate air defense systems such as patriot.
In addition to medium and long-range missiles, Iran also has a short-range ballistic missile depot (300 - 1,000km), mostly using solid fuel, equipped with a wing and satellite positioning system to improve accuracy.
Iran's operational strategy is not only based on missiles, but also a combination of three types of launch systems: fixed, mobile and underground. The underground launch system is considered one of the key factors in the deterrence strategy, allowing Iran to operate and launch missiles without detection.
According to Iranian media, Tehran mainly used Emad, Ghadr and Kheibar Shekan missiles in its response to Israel, suggesting that more modern generations of missiles were still retained as a backup for further conflict scenarios.
